Rescattering effects in antiproton-induced exclusive J/ψJ/\psi and ψ′\psi^\prime production on the deuteron

On the basis of the generalized eikonal approximation we study the exclusive reactions $\bar p d \to J/\psi\, n$ and $\bar p d \to \psi^\prime\, n$ in vicinity of the thresholds for charmonium production on a free proton target. It is shown that the rescattering of the incoming antiproton and outgoing charmonium on the spectator neutron leads to a depletion of the charmonium production at low- and to an enhancement at high transverse momenta. This is in qualitative agreement with previous studies of hard proton knockout in proton-deuteron collisions. We analyze different physical sources of uncertainty which may influence the extraction of the total charmonium-neutron cross section. The color transparency effect for the incoming $\bar p$ largely compensates the influence of charmonium rescattering both at low and high transverse momenta. Different choices of the deuteron wave function lead to significant uncertainties at high transverse momenta. As an outcome of the calculations of charmonium production, we also provide predictions on the production of open charm hadrons due to the dissociation of the charmonium on the neutron. It is shown that the open charm production cross section is proportional to the total charmonium-nucleon cross section and quite stable with respect to the variation of other parameters of the model. We thus suggest that open charm channels are most suited for future studies of charmonium-nucleon interactions at PANDA with a deuteron target.Comment: 28 pages, 8 figures, modified sec. 1 and 2, new Fig. 2, added references, results unchanged, version accepted in EPJ

Formation of η\eta-mesic Nuclei Using the Recoilless (d,3^3He) Reaction

We propose to use the recoilless (d,$^3$He) reaction to produce $\eta$-mesic nuclei. This reaction has been used to observe deeply bound pionic states and proven to be powerful recently. We calculate $\eta$-mesic bound states in the nucleus using an optical potential and their formation cross section with the Green function method. Then, we carefully check the experimental feasibility. We find that $\eta$-mesic nuclei can be observed experimentally using the (d,$^3$He) reaction. We also mention the possibility to study the formation of $\omega$-mesic nuclei.Comment: 15 pages, 6 eps figures, Late

Theoretical study of the Δ++−Δ−\Delta^{++}-\Delta^- configuration in the deuteron using antiproton beam

We study the manifestation of the $\Delta^{++}-\Delta^-$ component of the deuteron wave function in the exclusive reaction $\bar p d \to \pi^- \pi^- \Delta^{++}$. Due to the large binding energy the internal motion in the $\Delta-\Delta$ system is relativistic. We take this into account within the light-cone (LC) wave function formalism and, indeed, found large differences between calculations based on the LC and non-relativistic (NR) wave functions. We demonstrate, that the consistent LC treatment of the $\Delta-\Delta$ system plays the key role in the separation of the signal and background. Within the LC approach, the characteristic shape of the momentum distribution of the $\Delta-\Delta$ bound system predicted by the meson-exchange model is well visible on the background of usual annihilations at beam momenta between 10 and 15 GeV/c.Comment: 44 pages, 21 figures, sect. 3 extended, references added, results unchanged, accepted in Phys. Rev.

Extracting the depolarization coefficient D_NN from data measured with a full acceptance detector

The spin transfer from vertically polarized beam protons to Lambda or Sigma hyperons of the associated strangeness production pp -> pK Lambda (Sigma) is described with the depolarization coefficient D_NN. As the polarization of the hyperons is determined by their weak decays, detectors, which have a large acceptance for the decay particles, are needed. In this paper a formula is derived, which describes the depolarization coefficient D_NN by count rates of a 4 pi detector. It is shown, that formulas, which are given in publications for detectors with restricted acceptance, are specific cases of this formula for a 4 pi detector.Comment: Accepted for publication by Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section

A recoil detector for the measurement of antiproton-proton elastic scattering at angles close to 90∘^{\circ}

The design and construction of a recoil detector for the measurement of recoil protons of antiproton-proton elastic scattering at scattering angles close to 90$^{\circ}$ are described. The performance of the recoil detector has been tested in the laboratory with radioactive sources and at COSY with proton beams by measuring proton-proton elastic scattering. The results of laboratory tests and commissioning with beam are presented. Excellent energy resolution and proper working performance of the recoil detector validate the conceptual design of the KOALA experiment at HESR to provide the cross section data needed to achieve a precise luminosity determination at the PANDA experiment.Comment: 10 pages, 15 figure

Essays in Macroeconomics and Public Finance.

This dissertation contains three chapters at the intersection of macroeconomics and public finance. The first chapter demonstrates that deep recessions can stimulate investment in state fiscal capacity. Large negative income shocks endanger the revenue-raising capability of existing narrow tax bases, particularly when the ability to borrow is limited, making an increase in fiscal capacity desirable relative to its implementation cost. An increase in fiscal capacity enables a given amount of revenue to be raised by taxing a wider range of economic activity at lower tax rates, which reduces the efficiency cost of taxation. Evidence from U.S. state governments during the Great Depression supports the model's predictions: governments in states experiencing larger than average negative income shocks were significantly more likely to adopt a retail sales tax (and income taxes) than were governments in states experiencing smaller than average income shocks, and state governments entering the Great Depression with a high level of debt were more likely to adopt new tax bases than those with low levels of debt. The second chapter proposes a model of consumption commitments - costly adjustment of spending for some goods - that can be easily incorporated into an otherwise standard representative agent DSGE model. The model explains several features of aggregate consumption data: (i) excess smoothness and excess sensitivity; (ii) hump-shaped dynamics; (iii) attenuated response to transitory real interest rate changes; and (iv) some aspects of the equity-premium puzzle. The model provides a microfoundation for reference dependent consumption. The third chapter, co-authored with Peer Skov, uses a reform in Denmark affecting reporting of charitable tax deductions to shed light on taxpayer behavior. We find that the introduction of information reporting and pre-population of charitable tax deductions in 2008 coincided with a doubling in the number of deductions claimed, and attribute this change to incomplete claiming of eligible deductions under the prior self-reporting regime. We estimate the per-year average amount of forgone tax benefits to be small, but find that many taxpayers repeatedly failed to claim eligible charitable tax deductions under the self-reporting regime.PhDEconomicsUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/102360/1/cgillitz_1.pd

Precision spectroscopy of pionic 1s states of Sn nuclei and evidence for partial restoration of chiral symmetry in the nuclear medium

Deeply bound 1s states of $\pi^-$ in $^{115,119,123}$Sn were preferentially observed using the Sn($d$,$^3$He) pion-transfer reaction under the recoil-free condition. The 1s binding energies and widths were precisely determined, and were used to deduce the isovector parameter of the s-wave pion-nucleus potential to be $b_1 =-0.115\pm 0.007 ~m_{\pi}^{-1}$. The observed enhancement of $|b_1|$ over the free $\pi N$ value ($b_1^{\rm free}/b_1 = 0.78 \pm 0.05$) indicates a reduction of the chiral order parameter, $f^{*}_{\pi} (\rho)^2/f_{\pi}^2 \approx 0.64$, at the normal nuclear density, $\rho = \rho_0$.Comment: 4 pages including 3 postscript figures, RevTeX 4 with multirow.sty, submitted to Physical Review Letter

High precision measurement of the associated strangeness production in proton proton interactions

A new high precision measurement of the reaction pp -> pK+Lambda at a beam momentum of 2.95 GeV/c with more than 200,000 analyzed events allows a detailed analysis of differential observables and their inter-dependencies. Correlations of the angular distributions with momenta are examined. The invariant mass distributions are compared for different regions in the Dalitz plots. The cusp structure at the N Sigma threshold is described with the Flatt\'e formalism and its variation in the Dalitz plot is analyzed.Comment: accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J.

First Model-Independent Measurement of the Spin Triplet pΛp\Lambda Scattering Length from Final State Interaction in the p⃗p→pK+Λ\vec{p}p \rightarrow pK^{+}\Lambda Reaction

The $\vec{p}p \rightarrow pK^{+}\Lambda$ reaction has been measured with the COSY-TOF detector at a beam momentum of $2.7\,\mathrm{GeV}/c$. The polarized proton beam enables the measurement of the beam analyzing power by the asymmetry of the produced kaon ($A_N^{K}$). This observable allows the $p\Lambda$ spin triplet scattering length to be extracted for the first time model independently from the final-state interaction in the reaction. The obtained value is $a_{t} = (-2.55 ^{+0.72}_{-1.39} {}_{\textrm{stat.}} \pm 0.6_{\textrm{syst.}} \pm 0.3_{\textrm{theo.}})\mathrm{fm}$. This value is compatible with theoretical predictions and results from model-dependent analyses.Comment: Revised version as accepted for publication in PR